what is hydrology in civil engineering, what is hydrology in geography, hydrology cycle and its diagram
q HYDROLOGY:
The word hydrology means the science of water which deals with
the
Characteristics
of the earth’s water in all its aspects such as
Occurrence, circulation, distribution,
physical and chemical
Properties and impact on environment and
living things.
Hydrology
Ø Hydrology
Is it an essential field of science since everything from tiny organisms?
to individuals to societies to the whole
of civilization - depends so much on
water.
qWATER
MANAGEMENT:
q Water resource management is the activity of planning, developing,
q Distributing and managing the optimum use
of water resources.
water management
qBRANCHES
OF HYDROLOGY:
qHydrology can
generally, be divided into two main branches:
qEngineering
Hydrology:
q (Planning, design, and Operation of
Engineering projects for the control and use of water)
q) Applied
Hydrology:
q (Hydrological cycle, precipitation,
runoff, the relationship between precipitation and runoff, hydrographs, Flood
Routing)
vHydrometeorology
Hydrometeorology is the
study of the transfer of water and energy between land and water body surfaces
and the lower atmosphere.
vIsotope
hydrology
is the study of the isotopic signatures of water.
vDrainage
basin management
Drainage basin management covers
water-storage, in the form of reservoirs, and flood-protection.
vWater
quality
Water quality includes the chemistry of water in
rivers and lakes, both of pollutants and natural solutes.
vSurface
water Hydrology :
Surface water hydrology is
the study of hydrologic processes that operate at or near earth’s surface.
APPLICATION OF HYDROLOGY:
§ Determining the water balance of a region.
§ Determining the agricultural water balance.
§ Mitigation and predicting floods, landslides, and drought
risk.
§ Designing irrigation schemes and managing agricultural
productivity.
§ Designing dams for water supply or hydroelectric power
generation.
§ Designing bridges.
§ Designing sewers
and urban drainage systems.
§ Assessing the
impact of natural and environmental change.
§ HYDROLOGICAL
CYCLE:
The hydrological cycle is also known as the Water cycle or H₂O cycle,
describes the
Continuous Movement of water on, above and below the surface
of the earth.
Hydrology cycle
qHYDROLOGICAL
CYCLE (CONT)
The main processes involved in hydrological cycle are
§ Evaporation
§ Condensation
§ Precipitation
§ Interception
§ Infiltration
§ Percolation
§ Transpiration
§ Runoff
§ storage
